Orthognathic Surgery

What is orthognathic surgery?

Orthognathic surgery originates from the greek words. orthos? meaning to straighten? and gnathos? which means jaw?. Hence, orthognathic surgery? means surgery to straighten the jaws?. In Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, jaw surgery forms an integral part of the practice. As specialists dealing with the jaw and mouth, OMS surgeons understand the occlusion (bite) of the jaw very well. This is very important in ensuring success to the outcome of the surgery. A good knowledge of occlusion is also an important prerequisite in the planning of each case so that fruitful discussions with the orthodontist may take place.

Who needs orthognathic surgery?

Patients who need such surgeries usually complain of difficulty in biting due discrepancies in the upper and lower jaw positions. This could either be due to a long or short lower jaw or even an asymmetrical/crooked jaw. The other common complaint is that patients are very conscious of their jaw. This is a more common complain in cases of long lower jaws.
In snoring and obstructive sleep apnea, jaw surgery is also performed to improve the posterior airway space, so that there is an improvement in breathing and hence the elimination of sleep apnea. However, selection of these patients is very stringent and jaw surgery is only indicated if it is absolutely necessary.

What is the treatment like?

Firstly, there must be a clinical evaluation of the patient to determine the concerns of the patient. Next the objective of treatment is determined so that the expectations of the patients can be addressed. Most often, the diagnosis and treatment planning of jaw surgeries are done in conjunction with an orthodontist (braces specialist).
In most cases, a preparation period of braces treatment is required for up to one and a half years. The patient will undergo surgery when ready. Post surgically, the patient usually will require up to four weeks of rest. The braces treatment will continue for another year to year and a half after the surgery depending on the complexity of the case. The normal post-braces retainers must still be worn. Follow up with the surgeon must continue for the next five years.